Rare Earth Magnet Industry Insights
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China Rare Earth Dual-Use Export Control List
2025-06-01
Overview
On April 4, 2025, China’s Ministry of Commerce released the Export Control List of Dual-Use Items, formally imposing export controls on specific rare earth metals, alloys, oxides, compounds, and permanent magnet materials. The list clarifies the regulatory scope for rare earth products with potential dual-use attributes.
Samarium-Related Dual-Use Items
Metallic Samarium and Alloys
Metallic samarium
Samarium-containing alloys (Sm-Co, Sm-Fe, Sm-Ni, Sm-Al, Sm-Mg)
Samarium-containing target materials
Samarium-cobalt permanent magnet materials
Samarium Oxides and Compounds
Samarium oxide and mixtures
Samarium-containing chemical compounds and mixtures
Gadolinium-Related Dual-Use Items
Metallic Gadolinium and Alloys
Metallic gadolinium
Gadolinium-magnesium and gadolinium-aluminum alloys
Gadolinium-based target materials
Gadolinium Oxides and Compounds
Gadolinium oxide and mixtures
Gadolinium-containing compounds
Terbium-Related Dual-Use Items
Terbium Metals, Alloys, and Magnets
Terbium metal and terbium-based alloys
Terbium target materials
NdFeB permanent magnets containing terbium
Terbium Oxides and Compounds
Terbium oxide and mixtures
Terbium-containing chemical compounds
Dysprosium-Related Dual-Use Items
Dysprosium Metals, Alloys, and Magnets
Dysprosium metal and dysprosium-containing alloys
Dysprosium-based target materials
NdFeB permanent magnets containing dysprosium
Dysprosium Oxides and Compounds
Dysprosium oxide and mixtures
Dysprosium-containing compounds
Lutetium-Related Dual-Use Items
Lutetium metal and alloys
Lutetium targets
Lutetium oxide and compounds
Scandium-Related Dual-Use Items
Scandium metal and scandium-containing alloys
Scandium targets
Scandium oxide and compounds
Yttrium-Related Dual-Use Items
Metallic yttrium and yttrium-containing alloys
Yttrium targets
Yttrium oxide and compounds
Notes on Controlled Forms and Materials
Controlled alloys include ingots, bars, wires, plates, powders, and other forms
Target materials include sheets, tubes, and related shapes
Controlled permanent magnet materials include magnets and magnetic powders
Oxides, compounds, and mixtures include powders and similar forms
Conclusion
China’s rare earth dual-use export control list establishes a clear and comprehensive regulatory framework covering key heavy and medium rare earth elements. The detailed classification of metals, alloys, oxides, compounds, and permanent magnet materials enhances regulatory transparency and significantly impacts global rare earth supply chains and downstream industries.
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